Competition law and State aid: definitions compared across 26 EU acts (English)

Competition law and State aid: definitions compared

EU competition law: antitrust (Articles 101 and 102 TFEU and the block exemptions), merger control, foreign subsidies and State aid. 272 terms defined in 26 related EU acts, in English; 60 of them in more than one act. Proposals and repealed acts are included and marked.

How to read the table

First the earliest act to define the term
Reference defines it by pointing to another act’s definition
Partial reference its own text and a reference
Same wording the same text as an earlier act
Own wording its own text, compared word by word with the first act
Own wording ≠ possibly a different concept: own wording with little shared wording with the first act, and German or French use different terms
Proposal Repealed the act is a Commission proposal, or no longer in force

Each act links to its definition in the reader. Open a term for the texts and the differences, or follow its name to its own page.

Term	Acts	Defined in
access infrastructure	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

action for damages	1	Damages Directive First

active sales	3	VBER First R&D BER Own wording TTBER Same wording

ad hoc aid	4	GBER First ABER Same wording FIBER Same wording Rail and Inland Waterways BER Same wording

adjusted aid amount	1	GBER First

adverse climatic event which can be assimilated to a natural disaster	2	FIBER First ABER Own wording

advice	1	ABER First

agreement	3	R&D BER First Specialisation BER Same wording TTBER Own wording

agricultural activity	1	ABER First

agricultural area	1	ABER First

agricultural holding	1	ABER First

agricultural product	5	GBER First Agricultural de minimis Regulation Own wording ABER Partial reference De minimis Regulation Partial reference SGEI de minimis Regulation Partial reference

agricultural sector	1	ABER First

agroforestry systems	1	ABER First

aid	4	GBER First State Aid Procedural Regulation Own wording ABER Same wording FIBER Same wording

aid granted in the framework of a CAP Strategic Plan	1	ABER First

aid intensity	4	GBER First ABER Same wording FIBER Same wording Rail and Inland Waterways BER Own wording

aid scheme	5	GBER First State Aid Procedural Regulation Own wording ABER Own wording FIBER Same wording Rail and Inland Waterways BER Own wording

applicant	1	ECN+ Directive First

applicant authority	1	ECN+ Directive First

arm	1	ABER First

arm's length	1	GBER First

assisted areas	1	GBER First

authorised distributor	1	Motor Vehicle BER First

authorised repairer	1	Motor Vehicle BER First

biosecurity	1	FIBER First

biosecurity measures	1	ABER First

breeding book	1	ABER First

business user	1	DMA First

CAP Strategic Plan	1	ABER First

capitalised works	1	ABER First

carbon farming schemes	1	ABER First

cartel	2	Damages Directive First ECN+ Directive Same wording

catastrophic event	1	ABER First

claim for damages	1	Damages Directive First

cloud computing service	1	DMA Reference

coal	1	GBER First

competing undertaking	4	VBER First R&D BER Own wording Specialisation BER Own wording TTBER Own wording

competition authority	2	Damages Directive First ECN+ Directive Own wording

competitive bidding process	1	GBER First

consensual dispute resolution	1	Damages Directive First

consensual settlement	1	Damages Directive First

consent	1	DMA Reference

contract	1	FSR First

contract product	2	R&D BER First TTBER Own wording

contract technology	1	R&D BER First

contracting authority	1	FSR First

contracting entity	1	FSR First

control	1	DMA First

control and eradication measures	2	ABER First FIBER Own wording

core platform service	1	DMA First

data	1	DMA First

date of granting of the aid	1	GBER First

date of granting the aid	2	ABER First FIBER Own wording

dedicated infrastructure	2	GBER First Rail and Inland Waterways BER Own wording

depredation	1	FIBER First

different activities	1	Directive 2006/111 (transparency of public undertakings) First

digital sector	1	DMA First

direct purchaser	1	Damages Directive First

disadvantaged worker	1	GBER First

distribution	1	Specialisation BER First

downstream product	1	Specialisation BER First

end user	1	DMA First

enforcement proceedings	1	ECN+ Directive First

equipment for sustainable multimodal transport	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

equity investment	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

European Competition Network	1	ECN+ Directive First

European river information services (“RIS”) Environment	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

European vehicle register	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

evaluation plan	3	GBER First ABER Own wording FIBER Own wording

evidence	1	Damages Directive First

exclusive customer group	1	TTBER First

exclusive distribution system	1	VBER First

exclusive licence	1	TTBER First

exclusive purchase obligation	1	Specialisation BER First

exclusive rights	1	Directive 2006/111 (transparency of public undertakings) First

exclusive supply obligation	1	Specialisation BER First

exclusive territory	1	TTBER First

existing aid	1	State Aid Procedural Regulation First

exploitation of the results	1	R&D BER First

external costs of transport	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

fair rate of return (FRR)	1	GBER First

fallen stock	1	ABER First

fast growing trees	1	ABER First

final decision	1	ECN+ Directive First

final infringement decision	1	Damages Directive First

financial intermediary	2	GBER First De minimis Regulation Own wording

financing party	1	R&D BER First

fiscal successor scheme	4	GBER First ABER Same wording FIBER Same wording Rail and Inland Waterways BER Same wording

fisher	1	FIBER First

fishery and aquaculture products	4	FIBER First Fishery de minimis Regulation Partial reference De minimis Regulation Partial reference SGEI de minimis Regulation Partial reference

fishery and aquaculture sector	1	FIBER First

fishing capacity	1	FIBER First

fishing port	1	FIBER First

fixed costs arising from participation in quality scheme	1	ABER First

food based biofuel	1	ABER First

foodstuffs	1	ABER First

freight terminal	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

gatekeeper	1	DMA First

gross grant equivalent	3	GBER First ABER Own wording FIBER Own wording

identification service	1	DMA First

immunity from fines	1	ECN+ Directive First

immunity recipient	1	Damages Directive First

independent distributor	1	Motor Vehicle BER First

independent repairer	1	Motor Vehicle BER First

indirect purchaser	1	Damages Directive First

individual aid	5	GBER First State Aid Procedural Regulation Own wording ABER Own wording FIBER Own wording Rail and Inland Waterways BER Same wording

information society service	1	DMA Reference

infringement decision	1	Damages Directive First

infringement of competition law	1	Damages Directive First

infringer	1	Damages Directive First

injured party	1	Damages Directive First

inland fishing	1	FIBER First

inland waterways facility	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

inland waterways vessel	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

intangible assets	2	GBER First ABER Same wording

interested party	1	State Aid Procedural Regulation First

Intermodal Loading Unit	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

intermodal transport	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

interoperability	1	DMA First

invasive alien species	1	FIBER First

investments to comply with a Union standard	1	ABER First

joint	2	R&D BER First Specialisation BER Own wording

joint production agreement	1	Specialisation BER First

journey	1	GBER First

know-how	3	VBER First R&D BER Own wording TTBER Own wording

large enterprises	2	GBER First ABER Same wording

leniency	1	ECN+ Directive First

leniency programme	2	Damages Directive First ECN+ Directive Own wording

leniency statement	2	Damages Directive First ECN+ Directive Own wording

marketing of agricultural products	4	GBER First ABER Own wording De minimis Regulation Own wording SGEI de minimis Regulation Same wording

micro, small and medium-sized enterprises	2	ABER First FIBER Same wording

misuse of aid	1	State Aid Procedural Regulation First

motor vehicle	1	Motor Vehicle BER First

multi-stage procedure	1	FSR First

multimodal transport	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

mutual funds	1	ABER First

national administrative competition authority	1	ECN+ Directive First

national competition authority	2	Damages Directive First ECN+ Directive Partial reference

national competition law	2	Damages Directive First ECN+ Directive Partial reference

national court	3	Damages Directive First ECN+ Directive Same wording DMA Same wording

national judicial competition authority	1	ECN+ Directive First

Natura 2000 areas	1	ABER First

natural disasters	2	ABER First FIBER Own wording

net increase in the number of employees	1	GBER First

new aid	1	State Aid Procedural Regulation First

new commercial inland waterways freight connection	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

new commercial rail freight connection	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

new entrant	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

non-compete obligation	1	VBER First

non-personal data	1	DMA First

non-productive investment	1	ABER First

non-profit entity	1	SGEI de minimis Regulation First

non-reciprocal agreement	1	TTBER First

non-transport activities	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

Notifying parties	2	FSR Implementing Regulation First FSR Implementing Regulation Partial reference

number-independent interpersonal communications service	1	DMA Reference

online intermediation services	2	VBER First DMA Reference

online search engine	1	DMA Reference

online social networking service	1	DMA First

operating profit	1	GBER First

operating system	1	DMA First

operations prior to industrial processing	1	ABER First

other adverse climatic events	1	ABER First

Other persons involved	1	FSR Implementing Regulation First

outermost regions	3	GBER First ABER Own wording FIBER Own wording

overcharge	1	Damages Directive First

paid-for research and development	1	R&D BER First

passive sales	3	VBER First R&D BER Own wording TTBER Same wording

payment service	1	DMA Reference

payment system for in-app purchases	1	DMA First

personal data	1	DMA Reference

plant pest	1	ABER First

port superstructure	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

pre-existing information	1	Damages Directive First

preparation of services	1	Specialisation BER First

primary agricultural production	4	GBER First ABER Own wording De minimis Regulation Same wording SGEI de minimis Regulation Same wording

primary production of fishery and aquaculture products	4	Agricultural de minimis Regulation First Fishery de minimis Regulation Same wording De minimis Regulation Same wording SGEI de minimis Regulation Same wording

private siding	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

processing and marketing of fishery and aquaculture products	3	Fishery de minimis Regulation First De minimis Regulation Own wording SGEI de minimis Regulation Same wording

processing of agricultural products	4	GBER First ABER Own wording De minimis Regulation Own wording SGEI de minimis Regulation Same wording

producer group or organisation	1	ABER First

product	3	R&D BER First Specialisation BER Own wording TTBER Own wording

production	1	Specialisation BER First

profiling	1	DMA Reference

protected animal	2	ABER First FIBER Own wording

public authorities	1	Directive 2006/111 (transparency of public undertakings) First

public procurement procedure	1	FSR First

public undertakings	1	Directive 2006/111 (transparency of public undertakings) First

quasi-equity investment	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

rail or inland waterways freight terminal	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

rail or inland waterways multimodal transport facility	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

railway service facility	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

railway undertaking	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER Reference

ranking	1	DMA First

reciprocal agreement	1	TTBER First

reciprocal specialisation agreement	1	Specialisation BER First

reduction of fines	1	ECN+ Directive First

regional aid maps	1	ABER First

relevant geographic market	1	TTBER First

relevant market	2	Specialisation BER First TTBER Own wording

relevant product market	2	R&D BER First TTBER Own wording

relevant technology market	2	R&D BER First TTBER Own wording ≠

remote regions	1	GBER First

repayable advance	3	GBER First ABER Same wording FIBER Same wording

requested authority	1	ECN+ Directive First

research and development	1	R&D BER First

research and development agreement	1	R&D BER First

research and knowledge-dissemination organisation	1	ABER First

review court	2	Damages Directive First ECN+ Directive Same wording

rolling stock	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

sea-going vessel	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

search results	1	DMA First

secret cartel	1	ECN+ Directive First

selective distribution system	3	Motor Vehicle BER First VBER Same wording TTBER Own wording

settlement submission	2	Damages Directive First ECN+ Directive Own wording

short-sea shipping	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

Single undertaking	4	De minimis Regulation First Agricultural de minimis Regulation Own wording Fishery de minimis Regulation Same wording SGEI de minimis Regulation Own wording

small and medium-sized enterprises	2	GBER First Rail and Inland Waterways BER Own wording

small mid-cap	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

small-scale coastal fishing	1	FIBER First

smaller Aegean islands	1	ABER First

SMC	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

SME	3	ABER First FIBER Same wording Rail and Inland Waterways BER Own wording

SMEs	1	GBER First

software application	1	DMA First

software application stores	1	DMA First

spare parts	1	Motor Vehicle BER First

special rights	1	Directive 2006/111 (transparency of public undertakings) First

specialisation agreement	1	Specialisation BER First

specialisation in the context of exploitation	1	R&D BER First

specialisation in the context of research and development	1	R&D BER First

specialisation product	1	Specialisation BER First

start of works	3	GBER First FIBER Own wording Rail and Inland Waterways BER Own wording

start of works on the project or activity	1	ABER First

subsidised services	2	ABER First FIBER Own wording

sustainable land transport	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

sustainable land transport sectors	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

sustainable multimodal transport	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

tangible assets	2	GBER First ABER Same wording

technical service supporting payment service	1	DMA First

technology rights	1	TTBER First

technology transfer agreement	1	TTBER First

TEN-T	1	Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

territorial spending obligations	1	GBER First

total financing	1	GBER First

transaction cost	1	ABER First

Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy (‘TSE	1	ABER First

transport	1	GBER First

transport costs	1	GBER First

Term

Acts

Defined in

access infrastructure

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

action for damages

Damages Directive First

active sales

VBER First
R&D BER Own wording
TTBER Same wording

ad hoc aid

GBER First
ABER Same wording
FIBER Same wording
Rail and Inland Waterways BER Same wording

adjusted aid amount

GBER First

adverse climatic event which can be assimilated to a natural disaster

FIBER First
ABER Own wording

advice

ABER First

agreement

R&D BER First
Specialisation BER Same wording
TTBER Own wording

agricultural activity

ABER First

agricultural area

ABER First

agricultural holding

ABER First

agricultural product

GBER First
Agricultural de minimis Regulation Own wording
ABER Partial reference
De minimis Regulation Partial reference
SGEI de minimis Regulation Partial reference

agricultural sector

ABER First

agroforestry systems

ABER First

aid

GBER First
State Aid Procedural Regulation Own wording
ABER Same wording
FIBER Same wording

aid granted in the framework of a CAP Strategic Plan

ABER First

aid intensity

GBER First
ABER Same wording
FIBER Same wording
Rail and Inland Waterways BER Own wording

aid scheme

GBER First
State Aid Procedural Regulation Own wording
ABER Own wording
FIBER Same wording
Rail and Inland Waterways BER Own wording

applicant

ECN+ Directive First

applicant authority

ECN+ Directive First

arm

ABER First

arm's length

GBER First

assisted areas

GBER First

authorised distributor

Motor Vehicle BER First

authorised repairer

Motor Vehicle BER First

biosecurity

FIBER First

biosecurity measures

ABER First

breeding book

ABER First

business user

DMA First

CAP Strategic Plan

ABER First

capitalised works

ABER First

carbon farming schemes

ABER First

cartel

Damages Directive First
ECN+ Directive Same wording

catastrophic event

ABER First

claim for damages

Damages Directive First

cloud computing service

DMA Reference

coal

GBER First

competing undertaking

VBER First
R&D BER Own wording
Specialisation BER Own wording
TTBER Own wording

competition authority

Damages Directive First
ECN+ Directive Own wording

competitive bidding process

GBER First

consensual dispute resolution

Damages Directive First

consensual settlement

Damages Directive First

contract

FSR First

contract product

R&D BER First
TTBER Own wording

contract technology

R&D BER First

contracting authority

FSR First

contracting entity

FSR First

control

DMA First

control and eradication measures

ABER First
FIBER Own wording

core platform service

DMA First

data

DMA First

date of granting of the aid

GBER First

date of granting the aid

ABER First
FIBER Own wording

dedicated infrastructure

GBER First
Rail and Inland Waterways BER Own wording

depredation

FIBER First

different activities

Directive 2006/111 (transparency of public undertakings) First

digital sector

DMA First

direct purchaser

Damages Directive First

disadvantaged worker

GBER First

distribution

Specialisation BER First

downstream product

Specialisation BER First

end user

DMA First

enforcement proceedings

ECN+ Directive First

equipment for sustainable multimodal transport

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

equity investment

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

European Competition Network

ECN+ Directive First

European river information services (“RIS”) Environment

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

European vehicle register

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

evaluation plan

GBER First
ABER Own wording
FIBER Own wording

evidence

Damages Directive First

exclusive customer group

TTBER First

exclusive distribution system

VBER First

exclusive licence

TTBER First

exclusive purchase obligation

Specialisation BER First

exclusive rights

Directive 2006/111 (transparency of public undertakings) First

exclusive supply obligation

Specialisation BER First

exclusive territory

TTBER First

existing aid

State Aid Procedural Regulation First

exploitation of the results

R&D BER First

external costs of transport

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

fair rate of return (FRR)

GBER First

fallen stock

ABER First

fast growing trees

ABER First

final decision

ECN+ Directive First

final infringement decision

Damages Directive First

financial intermediary

GBER First
De minimis Regulation Own wording

financing party

R&D BER First

fiscal successor scheme

GBER First
ABER Same wording
FIBER Same wording
Rail and Inland Waterways BER Same wording

fisher

FIBER First

fishery and aquaculture products

FIBER First
Fishery de minimis Regulation Partial reference
De minimis Regulation Partial reference
SGEI de minimis Regulation Partial reference

fishery and aquaculture sector

FIBER First

fishing capacity

FIBER First

fishing port

FIBER First

fixed costs arising from participation in quality scheme

ABER First

food based biofuel

ABER First

foodstuffs

ABER First

freight terminal

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

gatekeeper

DMA First

gross grant equivalent

GBER First
ABER Own wording
FIBER Own wording

identification service

DMA First

immunity from fines

ECN+ Directive First

immunity recipient

Damages Directive First

independent distributor

Motor Vehicle BER First

independent repairer

Motor Vehicle BER First

indirect purchaser

Damages Directive First

individual aid

GBER First
State Aid Procedural Regulation Own wording
ABER Own wording
FIBER Own wording
Rail and Inland Waterways BER Same wording

information society service

DMA Reference

infringement decision

Damages Directive First

infringement of competition law

Damages Directive First

infringer

Damages Directive First

injured party

Damages Directive First

inland fishing

FIBER First

inland waterways facility

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

inland waterways vessel

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

intangible assets

GBER First
ABER Same wording

interested party

State Aid Procedural Regulation First

Intermodal Loading Unit

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

intermodal transport

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

interoperability

DMA First

invasive alien species

FIBER First

investments to comply with a Union standard

ABER First

joint

R&D BER First
Specialisation BER Own wording

joint production agreement

Specialisation BER First

journey

GBER First

know-how

VBER First
R&D BER Own wording
TTBER Own wording

large enterprises

GBER First
ABER Same wording

leniency

ECN+ Directive First

leniency programme

Damages Directive First
ECN+ Directive Own wording

leniency statement

Damages Directive First
ECN+ Directive Own wording

marketing of agricultural products

GBER First
ABER Own wording
De minimis Regulation Own wording
SGEI de minimis Regulation Same wording

micro, small and medium-sized enterprises

ABER First
FIBER Same wording

misuse of aid

State Aid Procedural Regulation First

motor vehicle

Motor Vehicle BER First

multi-stage procedure

FSR First

multimodal transport

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

mutual funds

ABER First

national administrative competition authority

ECN+ Directive First

national competition authority

Damages Directive First
ECN+ Directive Partial reference

national competition law

Damages Directive First
ECN+ Directive Partial reference

national court

Damages Directive First
ECN+ Directive Same wording
DMA Same wording

national judicial competition authority

ECN+ Directive First

Natura 2000 areas

ABER First

natural disasters

ABER First
FIBER Own wording

net increase in the number of employees

GBER First

new aid

State Aid Procedural Regulation First

new commercial inland waterways freight connection

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

new commercial rail freight connection

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

new entrant

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

non-compete obligation

VBER First

non-personal data

DMA First

non-productive investment

ABER First

non-profit entity

SGEI de minimis Regulation First

non-reciprocal agreement

TTBER First

non-transport activities

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

Notifying parties

FSR Implementing Regulation First
FSR Implementing Regulation Partial reference

number-independent interpersonal communications service

DMA Reference

online intermediation services

VBER First
DMA Reference

online search engine

DMA Reference

operating profit

GBER First

operating system

DMA First

operations prior to industrial processing

ABER First

other adverse climatic events

ABER First

Other persons involved

FSR Implementing Regulation First

outermost regions

GBER First
ABER Own wording
FIBER Own wording

overcharge

Damages Directive First

paid-for research and development

R&D BER First

passive sales

VBER First
R&D BER Own wording
TTBER Same wording

payment service

DMA Reference

payment system for in-app purchases

DMA First

personal data

DMA Reference

plant pest

ABER First

port superstructure

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

pre-existing information

Damages Directive First

preparation of services

Specialisation BER First

primary agricultural production

GBER First
ABER Own wording
De minimis Regulation Same wording
SGEI de minimis Regulation Same wording

primary production of fishery and aquaculture products

Agricultural de minimis Regulation First
Fishery de minimis Regulation Same wording
De minimis Regulation Same wording
SGEI de minimis Regulation Same wording

private siding

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

processing and marketing of fishery and aquaculture products

processing of agricultural products

GBER First
ABER Own wording
De minimis Regulation Own wording
SGEI de minimis Regulation Same wording

producer group or organisation

ABER First

product

R&D BER First
Specialisation BER Own wording
TTBER Own wording

production

Specialisation BER First

profiling

DMA Reference

protected animal

ABER First
FIBER Own wording

public authorities

Directive 2006/111 (transparency of public undertakings) First

public procurement procedure

FSR First

public undertakings

Directive 2006/111 (transparency of public undertakings) First

quasi-equity investment

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

rail or inland waterways freight terminal

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

rail or inland waterways multimodal transport facility

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

railway service facility

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

railway undertaking

Rail and Inland Waterways BER Reference

ranking

DMA First

reciprocal agreement

TTBER First

reciprocal specialisation agreement

Specialisation BER First

reduction of fines

ECN+ Directive First

regional aid maps

ABER First

relevant geographic market

TTBER First

relevant market

Specialisation BER First
TTBER Own wording

relevant product market

R&D BER First
TTBER Own wording

relevant technology market

R&D BER First
TTBER Own wording ≠

remote regions

GBER First

repayable advance

GBER First
ABER Same wording
FIBER Same wording

requested authority

ECN+ Directive First

research and development

R&D BER First

research and development agreement

R&D BER First

research and knowledge-dissemination organisation

ABER First

review court

Damages Directive First
ECN+ Directive Same wording

rolling stock

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

sea-going vessel

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

search results

DMA First

secret cartel

ECN+ Directive First

selective distribution system

Motor Vehicle BER First
VBER Same wording
TTBER Own wording

settlement submission

Damages Directive First
ECN+ Directive Own wording

short-sea shipping

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

Single undertaking

De minimis Regulation First
Agricultural de minimis Regulation Own wording
Fishery de minimis Regulation Same wording
SGEI de minimis Regulation Own wording

small and medium-sized enterprises

GBER First
Rail and Inland Waterways BER Own wording

small mid-cap

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

small-scale coastal fishing

FIBER First

smaller Aegean islands

ABER First

SMC

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

SME

ABER First
FIBER Same wording
Rail and Inland Waterways BER Own wording

SMEs

GBER First

software application

DMA First

software application stores

DMA First

spare parts

Motor Vehicle BER First

special rights

Directive 2006/111 (transparency of public undertakings) First

specialisation agreement

Specialisation BER First

specialisation in the context of exploitation

R&D BER First

specialisation in the context of research and development

R&D BER First

specialisation product

Specialisation BER First

start of works

GBER First
FIBER Own wording
Rail and Inland Waterways BER Own wording

start of works on the project or activity

ABER First

subsidised services

ABER First
FIBER Own wording

sustainable land transport

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

sustainable land transport sectors

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

sustainable multimodal transport

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

tangible assets

GBER First
ABER Same wording

technical service supporting payment service

DMA First

technology rights

TTBER First

technology transfer agreement

TTBER First

TEN-T

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

territorial spending obligations

GBER First

total financing

GBER First

transaction cost

ABER First

Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy (‘TSE

ABER First

transport

GBER First

transport costs

GBER First

transport operator

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

transport organiser

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

trees for short rotation coppicing

ABER First

turnover

DMA First

undertaking

ECN+ Directive First
DMA Own wording
FSR Partial reference ≠

undertaking in difficulty

ABER First
GBER Partial reference
FIBER Partial reference
Rail and Inland Waterways BER Reference

undertaking required to maintain separate accounts

Directive 2006/111 (transparency of public undertakings) First

undertakings located in the Union

Fishery de minimis Regulation First

unilateral specialisation agreement

Specialisation BER First

Union standard

ABER First

unlawful aid

State Aid Procedural Regulation First

vehicle for rail or inland waterways transport

Rail and Inland Waterways BER First

vertical agreement

Motor Vehicle BER First
VBER Own wording

vertical restraint

Motor Vehicle BER First
VBER Same wording

virtual assistant

DMA First

wage cost

GBER First

web browser

DMA First

worker with disabilities

GBER First

Working days

FSR Implementing Regulation First

written

GBER First

young farmer

ABER First

The acts in this group

26 in force, 0 proposals, 0 repealed. Each act is read in its current consolidated version where Eureka holds it in this language, else as adopted. Where Eureka could not read a definition, it is left out rather than guessed, so a gap means a missing entry, never a wrong one. An act marked “No definitions of its own” defines no terms itself, in any language, so it adds no terms to the table.

Act	Status	Adopted	Terms	Coverage in English
Regulation 1/2003 32003R0001	In force	2002-12-16	0	No definitions of its own
EU Merger Regulation 32004R0139	In force	2004-01-20	0	Missing Eureka has no definitions of this act in this language yet.
Regulation 773/2004 32004R0773	In force	2004-04-07	0	No definitions of its own
State Aid Implementing Regulation 32004R0794	In force	2004-04-21	0	Missing Eureka has no definitions of this act in this language yet.
Directive 2006/111 (transparency of public undertakings) 32006L0111	In force	2006-11-16	6	Complete
Motor Vehicle BER 32010R0461	In force	2010-05-27	9	Complete
Agricultural de minimis Regulation 32013R1408	In force	2013-12-18	3	Complete
GBER 32014R0651	In force	2014-06-17	42	Complete
Fishery de minimis Regulation 32014R0717	In force	2014-06-27	5	Complete
Damages Directive 32014L0104	In force	2014-11-26	24	Complete
State Aid Enabling Regulation 32015R1588	In force	2015-07-13	0	No definitions of its own
State Aid Procedural Regulation 32015R1589	In force	2015-07-13	8	Complete
ECN+ Directive 32019L0001	In force	2018-12-11	22	Complete
VBER 32022R0720	In force	2022-05-10	10	Complete
DMA 32022R1925Also in Digital	In force	2022-09-14	33	Complete
ABER 32022R2472	In force	2022-12-14	62	Complete
FIBER 32022R2473	In force	2022-12-14	30	Complete
FSR 32022R2560	In force	2022-12-14	6	Complete
Merger Implementing Regulation 32023R0914	In force	2023-04-20	0	Missing Eureka has no definitions of this act in this language yet.
R&D BER 32023R1066	In force	2023-06-01	18	Complete
Specialisation BER 32023R1067	In force	2023-06-01	16	Complete
FSR Implementing Regulation 32023R1441	In force	2023-07-10	4	Complete
De minimis Regulation 32023R2831	In force	2023-12-13	9	Complete
SGEI de minimis Regulation 32023R2832	In force	2023-12-13	9	Complete
Rail and Inland Waterways BER 32026R0562	In force	2026-03-16	45	Complete
TTBER 32026R0877	In force	2026-04-16	19	Complete

Compared on 2026-11-12; updated every night, so new and amended acts are included. Terms are matched by the same defined word, with singular and plural counted as one, never by synonyms. When the same word means different things in different acts (judged by the acts' English text), each meaning gets its own row.